NERC CIP glossary

CIP terms, in plain English.

Quick explanations of the terms you meet in every CIP standard. These paraphrase the official NERC Glossary of Terms; use the official definitions for compliance decisions.

B
BES Cyber AssetBCA
A Cyber Asset whose loss, misuse or unavailability would, within 15 minutes, adversely affect the reliable operation of the BES. See CIP-002
BES Cyber SystemBCS
One or more BES Cyber Assets grouped together to perform one or more reliability tasks. Impact ratings are assigned to BES Cyber Systems. See CIP-002
BES Cyber System InformationBCSI
Information about BES Cyber Systems that could be used to gain unauthorized access or pose a security threat, such as network diagrams, security configurations and IP addresses. General public information is not BCSI. See CIP-011
Bulk Electric SystemBES
Generally, transmission elements operated at 100 kV or higher and the generation, reactive and other resources connected to them, as defined (with inclusions and exclusions) by NERC.
C
CIP Exceptional CircumstanceCEC
A situation, such as a risk to life, a natural disaster or an imminent hardware failure, in which certain CIP requirements can be temporarily set aside as the standards allow.
CIP Senior ManagerCSM
A single, named senior official with overall authority and responsibility for leading and managing the implementation of, and continuing adherence to, the CIP standards. See CIP-003
Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement ProgramCMEP
The ERO Enterprise program through which Regional Entities audit, spot-check and enforce compliance with Reliability Standards.
Control Center
One or more facilities hosting operating personnel that monitor and control the BES in real time, for example for a Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, Transmission Operator or Generator Operator. CIP-002-8 revises this definition from July 2028. See CIP-012
Cyber Asset
A programmable electronic device, including its hardware, software and data.
Cyber Asset Owner (Change Authorizer Officer)CAO
Not a NERC-defined term. Utilities use CAO for the person accountable for a group of Cyber Assets who authorizes changes to their baseline configurations under CIP-010 R1. Some call the role Cyber Asset Owner, others Change Authorizer Officer. In CIP Sentry, each group has a CAO seat, and changes need that person’s authorization. See CIP-010
Cyber Security Incident
A malicious act or suspicious event that compromises, or attempts to compromise, an Electronic or Physical Security Perimeter or the operation of a BES Cyber System (and, in CIP-008-6, associated EACMS and PACS). See CIP-008
D
Dial-up Connectivity
A data communication link established when the communication equipment dials a phone number and negotiates a connection.
E
E-ISAC
The Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center, operated by NERC. Reportable Cyber Security Incidents are reported to it and to CISA. See CIP-008
Electronic Access Control or Monitoring SystemsEACMS
Cyber Assets that perform electronic access control or monitoring of an Electronic Security Perimeter or BES Cyber Systems, such as firewalls, jump hosts and authentication servers. See CIP-005
Electronic Access PointEAP
A Cyber Asset interface on an Electronic Security Perimeter that allows routable communication between Cyber Assets outside and inside the perimeter. See CIP-005
Electronic Security PerimeterESP
The logical border surrounding a network to which BES Cyber Systems are connected using a routable protocol. See CIP-005
External Routable ConnectivityERC
The ability to access a BES Cyber System from a Cyber Asset outside its Electronic Security Perimeter via a bi-directional routable protocol connection. See CIP-005
I
Interactive Remote AccessIRA
User-initiated access by a person using a remote access client or other remote access technology from outside the Electronic Security Perimeter. See CIP-005
Intermediate System
A Cyber Asset or group of Cyber Assets that sits between remote users and the ESP so that Interactive Remote Access never connects directly to an applicable Cyber Asset. Often a jump host. See CIP-005
Internal Network Security MonitoringINSM
Monitoring network traffic inside a trusted zone, such as the ESP, to detect anomalous or unauthorized activity. Required by CIP-015 from October 2028. See CIP-015
L
Low Impact BES Cyber System
A BES Cyber System at a BES asset that does not meet the high or medium impact criteria in CIP-002 Attachment 1. Covered by CIP-003 Attachment 1. See CIP-003
Low Impact External Routable ConnectivityLERC
A term from earlier CIP-003 versions for routable connectivity to low impact systems. It was retired with CIP-003-7, which describes the required electronic access controls directly. See CIP-003
P
Physical Access Control SystemsPACS
Cyber Assets that control, alert or log access to a Physical Security Perimeter, such as badge controllers and their servers. Locally mounted hardware such as readers and door contacts is excluded. See CIP-006
Physical Security PerimeterPSP
The physical border surrounding locations in which BES Cyber Assets, BES Cyber Systems or EACMS reside, and for which access is controlled. See CIP-006
Protected Cyber AssetPCA
A Cyber Asset connected using a routable protocol within, or on, an Electronic Security Perimeter that is not part of the highest-impact BES Cyber System in that ESP. See CIP-005
R
Real-time Assessment
An evaluation of system conditions using real-time data to assess existing and potential operating conditions. Data used for it is protected in transit by CIP-012. See CIP-012
Regional Entity
One of six organizations (MRO, NPCC, ReliabilityFirst, SERC, Texas RE and WECC) delegated by NERC to monitor and enforce compliance in their regions.
Removable Media
Storage media, such as USB drives and external disks, that are not Cyber Assets, can transfer executable code, and are connected for 30 consecutive calendar days or less to a BES Cyber Asset, a network within an ESP, or a PCA. See CIP-010
Reportable Cyber Security Incident
A Cyber Security Incident that compromises or disrupts a BES Cyber System performing a reliability task, an ESP, or an EACMS of a high or medium impact system. Must be reported to the E-ISAC and CISA within 1 hour of determination. See CIP-008
S
Shared Cyber InfrastructureSCI
A new term in the virtualization package (effective July 2028): hardware and software such as hypervisors or storage that host multiple virtual Cyber Assets. See CIP-002
T
Technical Feasibility ExceptionTFE
A documented, approved exception from certain CIP requirements when a device cannot technically meet them, with compensating or mitigating measures. See CIP-007
Transient Cyber AssetTCA
A Cyber Asset, such as a maintenance laptop, directly connected for 30 consecutive days or less to a BES Cyber Asset, network within an ESP, or PCA, and capable of transmitting executable code. See CIP-010
V
Virtual Cyber AssetVCA
A new term in the virtualization package (effective July 2028): a logical instance of an operating system or firmware running on Shared Cyber Infrastructure. See CIP-002

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